All about Scottish Terrier dog breed

All You Need to Know About the Scottish Terrier Breed

The average weight for an adult Scottish Terrier is generally between 18 and 22 pounds. While there isn't a significant weight difference between males and females, males often fall into the higher end of this range, typically weighing 19-22 pounds, and females usually weigh 18-21 pounds. This makes for a healthy, sturdy little dog, and maintaining this healthy weight for Scottish Terrier is crucial for their well-being. Knowing the Scottish Terrier weight helps ensure you're getting a dog of the typical average size for the breed.

Wondering about the Scottish Terrier height or how tall is a Scottish Terrier? This section will help you understand the typical dimensions of this sturdy breed.

• Most adult Scottish Terriers stand between 9.5 to 10 inches (24 to 25.4 cm) tall when measured from the ground to the top of their shoulder (withers).

Scottish Terrier colors include a range of coats, though not all are recognized by major kennel clubs. The AKC recognized Scottish Terrier colors are black, brindle (red, wheaten, or fawn streaked with black), and wheaten (ranging from light cream to a reddish-yellow). You might also hear of fawn or cream as variations of wheaten.

Scottish Terrier Personality & TemperamentThe Scottish Terrier personality is a captivating blend of confidence, independence, and surprising affection. Known for their alert and intelligent nature, they possess a big dog spirit in a compact package.Friendliness & Loyalty: While often described as "big-hearted," their friendliness is typically reserved for their chosen human family. They are fiercely loyal and devoted companions, forming deep bonds with their owners. Strangers may be met with a watchful and somewhat aloof demeanor, characteristic of their terrier heritage.Sociability: Scottish Terriers are generally not the most overtly social with unknown people or dogs. Early and consistent socialization is crucial to encourage polite interactions. They thrive on the company of their human family and are happiest when involved in household activities.Adaptability to Apartment Living: With proper exercise, Scottish Terriers are adaptable to apartment living. They are not overly large and can manage well in smaller spaces as long as they receive their daily walks and mental stimulation. They are not prone to excessive barking if their needs are met, making them suitable urban dwellers.Behavior with Children: They can be good companions for older, respectful children who understand how to interact with a dog. Due to their independent nature and potential for sensitivity to rough play, they are generally not recommended for homes with very young children unless under constant supervision. They are not known for being overly tolerant of being pulled or petted roughly.Behavior with Other Pets: Introducing a Scottish Terrier to other pets, especially small furbearers, requires careful consideration and supervision due to their strong prey drive. While they can coexist peacefully with other dogs (especially if raised together), caution should always be exercised. They are generally not ideal for homes with cats or smaller animals unless introduced and socialized from a very young age with consistent supervision.

Scottish Terrier Temperament & Personality TraitsThe Scottish Terrier, often affectionately called a "Scottie," possesses a bold, confident, and independent spirit. They are remarkably loyal and devoted to their families, forming strong bonds with their human companions. While not overtly demonstrative, they express their affection in a dignified manner, often preferring to be near their loved ones.Regarding friendliness and sociability, Scotties tend to be reserved with strangers, often observing from a distance before accepting new people. They are not typically effusive greeters but can become quite amiable once they’ve sized someone up. With their family, they are generally playful and entertaining.Their compact size makes them adaptable to apartment living, provided they receive sufficient daily exercise and mental stimulation. They enjoy their comfort and are often content to nap nearby.When it comes to children, Scotties can be good companions for older, respectful children who understand how to interact gently with a dog. Due to their independent nature and sometimes low tolerance for rough handling, supervision is always recommended with very young children. They are not typically a breed that tolerates being pulled or poked.With other pets, their strong prey drive, stemming from their terrier heritage, can make them a challenge with smaller, non-canine pets like cats or rodents, unless they are raised with them from a young age. They can often coexist peacefully with other dogs, especially if socialized early, though they may assert their dominance with other strong-willed canines.Scotties are known for their intelligence but also for a streak of stubbornness. They have their own ideas and can be highly persistent. This makes consistent, positive reinforcement training essential from a young age. They are also quite sensitive to their owner's tone and mood, responding best to fair and consistent handling rather than harsh corrections. Their independent nature means they value their space, but they thrive on being a part of the family's activities.

Scottish Terrier Care: Your Comprehensive GuideScottish Terrier care involves consistent daily maintenance to ensure a healthy, happy companion. While often described as a low-energy dog breed, they still require regular attention to thrive.Grooming Needs: The Scottish Terrier's iconic wiry coat demands attention. How to care for a Scottish Terrier coat includes weekly brushing to prevent mats and remove loose hair. Professional stripping or hand-stripping every 6-8 weeks is ideal to maintain coat texture and health. Alternatively, clipping can be done, but it softens the coat. Regular nail trims are essential.Exercise Limitations: Despite their terrier spirit, Scottish Terriers are a low-energy dog breed compared to many others. Daily walks of 20-30 minutes are usually sufficient to meet their exercise needs. Mental stimulation through puzzle toys and short training sessions is also important. Avoid over-exercising in extreme temperatures.Dietary Considerations: A high-quality dog food appropriate for small breeds is crucial. Monitor portion sizes carefully to prevent obesity, a common concern. Weight management is vital for their overall health. Consult your vet for specific dietary recommendations.Wrinkle and Ear Cleaning: While not as pronounced as some brachycephalic breeds, check for any skin folds, especially around the mouth and chin, and clean them regularly to prevent irritation and infections. Their drop ears also require weekly checks and gentle cleaning to prevent wax buildup and ear infections.Climate Sensitivity: Due to their brachycephalic (short-nosed) anatomy, Scottish Terriers can be sensitive to extreme temperatures. They are more prone to overheating in hot, humid weather and may struggle in very cold conditions. Always provide shade and fresh water in summer and keep them warm in winter. Avoid strenuous exercise during peak heat.Common Health Concerns: Be aware of health tips for Scottish Terrier owners. They can be prone to skin issues such as allergies and "Scottie Cramp" (a neurological disorder). Regular dental care, including brushing and professional cleanings, is paramount to prevent dental disease. As mentioned, weight management is critical to avoid issues like arthritis and diabetes. Regular veterinary check-ups are essential for early detection and treatment of any health concerns.

How active are Scottish Terriers?The Scottish Terrier activity level can be described as moderate, balancing periods of lively engagement with significant downtime. While not hyperactive, they possess a surprising amount of energy for their size, requiring consistent but not exhaustive exercise needs.Scottish Terriers typically enjoy short bursts of energetic play and walks, followed by long periods of rest. They thrive on daily walks of at least 30-60 minutes, preferably broken into two sessions. Leash walks are crucial as their strong prey drive can lead them to chase small animals. Their love for digging also means a secure yard is essential for supervised playtime.Due to their brachycephalic (short-nosed) anatomy, Scottish Terriers are prone to overheating, especially in warm weather or during intense exertion. Owners must be mindful of this limitation, avoiding strenuous exercise during the hottest parts of the day and always providing access to shade and fresh water. While they enjoy a good run and a game of fetch, prolonged, high-impact activities are not ideal.In terms of suitability, Scottish Terriers are a good fit for both moderately active families and those with a slightly lower-energy household, as long as their daily exercise needs are met. They are not built for constant, high-octane activities like long-distance running companions, but they do require regular mental and physical stimulation to prevent boredom and destructive behaviors. They enjoy interactive playtime with their owners, preferring games like fetch or hide-and-seek over independent, sustained activity.

I would rate the "Size" trait of the Scottish Terrier a 3.5 out of 10. While not tiny, they are definitively a small to medium-sized breed. Their average height of 10-11 inches at the shoulder and weight of 18-22 pounds, coupled with their sturdy, compact body structure, places them firmly in the smaller companion dog category. They are larger and more robust than a Chihuahua or a Yorkshire Terrier (which would be a 1 or 2), but significantly smaller than a Beagle (a 4 or 5) or a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel. This size makes them an excellent fit for apartment living, as they don't require vast amounts of space. Their compact nature also makes them well-suited for travel, fitting comfortably in crates designed for smaller breeds, and they are easily managed in households with space constraints.

I would rate the grooming requirements of a Scottish Terrier at a 7.While they aren't quite a 10 like some double-coated or long-haired breeds, they are certainly not a wash-and-go dog. Their signature wiry, dense double coat, while shedding minimally, requires regular attention to prevent matting and maintain its texture. This isn't just a matter of aesthetics; a well-groomed coat is essential for their skin health. Professional hand-stripping every 6-8 weeks is highly recommended to preserve the coat's wiry texture and promote healthy new growth, and failing to do so can lead to a soft, cottony, and more prone-to-matting coat. In between professional appointments, they need weekly brushing to remove loose hair and prevent tangles, especially in the longer furnishings on their legs and belly. Nail trimming is also a regular necessity, along with ear cleaning and occasional baths to keep them smelling fresh. They can be prone to certain skin allergies, which may necessitate specialized shampoos or more frequent bathing, adding another layer to their care. Compared to many companion dogs, their coat demands a more specialized and consistent grooming routine, placing them firmly in the higher-maintenance category.

The Scottish Terrier's "Exercise Requirements" would be rated a 4 out of 10.While not a couch potato, the Scottish Terrier doesn't demand marathon runs or extensive daily hikes. Their energy levels are moderate; they enjoy brisk walks and active playtime, but they also appreciate downtime. Their compact size and sturdy build allow for good stamina on walks, typically thriving with a couple of 20-30 minute walks per day, supplemented with some vigorous play in a fenced yard. They are not built for sustained, high-impact activities, and their potential for brachycephalic tendencies (though less pronounced than some breeds) means they can be prone to overheating in hot weather, so owners need to be mindful of strenuous exercise in such conditions. They are intelligent and enjoy mental stimulation, which can be provided through training and puzzle toys, complementing their physical activity. This breed thrives with a consistent, structured routine of moderate walks and playtime to stay healthy and mentally stimulated, rather than requiring minimal activity or extremely high physical demands. They are quite adaptable and can be content with slightly less on a given day, but regular activity prevents boredom and maintains their characteristic sturdy physique.

I'd rate the Scottish Terrier's "Watchdog Ability" at a 9.Scottish Terriers are exceptional watchdogs, not just passive companions. They possess a keen sense of hearing and an inherent alertness that makes them quick to detect anything out of the ordinary. While they are not typically aggressive, their territorial instincts are strong, and they are quick to respond to unfamiliar sounds or people with a surprisingly deep, insistent bark for their size. This barking behavior is effective in providing early warnings and can certainly deter potential intruders. They are not content to simply observe; they will actively make their presence known, signaling a disruption in their perceived territory. Their small size doesn't diminish their willingness to "stand their ground" and announce any perceived threat, making them highly effective at alerting their household to potential issues.

I would rate the "Good with Other Dogs" trait of the Scottish Terrier a 3 out of 10.Scottish Terriers are generally known for their independent, tenacious, and sometimes assertive personalities. While some individuals can be well-socialized and tolerant of other dogs, it's not a characteristic that typically comes naturally or universally to the breed. They often possess a strong prey drive and can be territorial or dominant, especially with dogs of the same sex or those they perceive as challenging. Introductions to unfamiliar dogs, particularly larger or more boisterous breeds, often require careful supervision and can be met with suspicion or even aggression. While some Scotties can live peacefully in multi-dog households, it usually requires early and consistent socialization, along with an understanding that they may prefer their own space and might not be the most enthusiastic playmates. They are not a breed that generally thrives in large, chaotic canine gatherings and are better suited to being the only dog or living with a very submissive, well-matched canine companion after careful introductions and training.

The Scottish Terrier's "Energetic" trait rates a 6 out of 10.Scottish Terriers are a surprisingly robust and active breed, belying their compact size. They possess a good amount of stamina and a strong prey drive, making them quite playful and eager for adventures. They are naturally active and enjoy vigorous walks, exploring the yard, and engaging in games. While not "hyper" in the way some working breeds are, they definitely require regular physical stimulation to prevent boredom and maintain good health. They enjoy participating in outdoor activities, especially those involving sniffing and "hunting" for imaginary quarry.However, they are not relentless energy machines. After a good bout of exercise, they are content to settle down and relax with their family. Their brachycephalic (short-nosed) anatomy, while not as pronounced as in some other breeds like Bulldogs or Pugs, can still affect their stamina and exercise tolerance, particularly in hot or humid weather. They are prone to overheating and can experience breathing difficulties if overexerted, so owners must be mindful of their limits and ensure they don't push themselves too hard in challenging conditions. Compared to more laid-back companion dogs, they are certainly more active, but they also have an "off switch" that many high-energy breeds lack.

I would rate the "Training Requirements" of the Scottish Terrier a 7 out of 10.While intelligent, Scottish Terriers are famously independent and possess a strong will, which can translate into stubbornness during training. Their attention span, especially as puppies or when something more interesting is happening, can be short, requiring trainers to be engaging and keep sessions brief and fun. They are not always immediately responsive to commands, often needing a moment to "consider" if they want to comply. Consistency is absolutely paramount; any lapse in expectations will be exploited. Positive reinforcement is highly effective, as they are food-motivated and appreciate praise, but it needs to be delivered precisely and consistently to build the desired association. This breed is generally not beginner-friendly when it comes to training. They truly thrive with an experienced handler who understands terrier psychology and can implement structured routines with unwavering consistency and patience, employing a firm but fair approach. Without experienced handling, training can quickly become frustrating for both the dog and the owner.

I'd rate the Playful trait of the Scottish Terrier a 6 out of 10.While not the most overtly boisterous or constantly "on" breed, Scotties possess a deep well of playful spirit that manifests in delightful bursts. They aren't typically "extremely energetic and fun-loving" in the same vein as, say, a Jack Russell Terrier or a Border Collie, who might demand constant engagement. Instead, their playfulness is more nuanced and often on *their* terms.Scotties have a good, moderate activity level and certainly enjoy a good game, especially those that involve chasing or "hunting" a toy. Their love for games is often tied to their terrier instincts, making them enthusiastic participants in a game of fetch or tug-of-war. They do respond well to toys and playtime, often showcasing a surprising agility and determination. While not overly attention-seeking in a clingy way, they definitely appreciate and solicit interaction, particularly when it involves a favorite human and a stimulating game. Their "enthusiasm in daily life" is evident in their curious nature and the joyful, focused intensity they bring to things they enjoy.Compared to other companion dogs, the Scottie is more spirited than a truly laid-back breed like a Basset Hound, but also more independent and less overtly demonstrative in their play than, for example, a Golden Retriever. They have a naturally spirited, tenacious personality, but their playfulness is often an invitation to engage rather than a constant demand for entertainment. They’ll chase a ball with gusto for a good 15 minutes, then happily curl up for a nap, only to perk up again at the sight of a new squeaky toy.

I would rate the Affectionate trait of the Scottish Terrier a 6 out of 10.While intensely loyal and devoted to their families, Scottish Terriers are not typically effusive or overly demonstrative in their affection. They certainly desire human companionship and form strong bonds, often following their chosen person from room to room. Their loyalty is unwavering, and they are quite sensitive to their owner's moods, offering a quiet presence or a comforting lean. However, they are generally not known for being lapdogs or excessive cuddlers. They appreciate a good head scratch or belly rub on *their* terms, and while they enjoy being near you, they also value their independence and personal space. They are affectionate in a more dignified, understated way, showing their love through consistent presence and watchful devotion rather than gushy displays. They thrive on the sense of belonging and being part of the family, but compared to some other companion breeds, they are definitely more independent in their expression of affection, finding contentment in shared space rather than constant physical closeness.

Rating: 3/10Explanation: The Scottish Terrier generally scores low on the "Good with Other Pets" trait. Their strong prey drive, stemming from their history as vermin hunters, makes them naturally inclined to chase and potentially harm smaller animals like cats or rabbits, even with extensive training. While some individuals can learn to tolerate other dogs, particularly those raised together, their independent and often dominant nature can lead to resource guarding and territorial disputes. They are not naturally sociable with other animals and require significant, early socialization and consistent, firm supervision to coexist peacefully in a multi-pet household, and even then, success is not guaranteed, especially with non-canine pets. Their tenacious personality means they are unlikely to back down from a confrontation.

The Scottish Terrier, when considering their "Good with Children" trait, rates around a 4 out of 10.While not inherently aggressive, the Scottie's independent and sometimes stubborn nature, coupled with a low tolerance for rough handling or persistent noise, makes them less suitable for most families with young children. They are generally not known for their patience or boundless playfulness with kids, and their affectionate moments are often on their own terms rather than actively seeking out interaction. While they can coexist peacefully with older, respectful children who understand how to interact with a dog and provide space, younger children who might accidentally pull an ear or tail, or be overly boisterous, could easily overwhelm a Scottie, leading to a snap or growl as a warning. They are not naturally gentle or affectionate in a way that makes them particularly child-friendly; rather, they require significant training and constant supervision to ensure positive interactions, especially with younger children, and are often better suited to adult-only homes or families with older, dog-savvy children.

I would rate the "Good with Strangers" trait of the Scottish Terrier a 3.While not inherently aggressive, Scottish Terriers are typically very independent and reserved, especially with unfamiliar adults. They are bred to be alert and discerning, and this often manifests as a cautious or even aloof demeanor towards strangers. They are not naturally outgoing and tend to observe newcomers with a wary eye. While a well-socialized Scottie might tolerate a stranger's presence, they are unlikely to seek out attention or offer enthusiastic greetings. Their guarding instincts can lead to barking at perceived intruders, and they generally prefer the company of their immediate family. While training and early socialization can certainly help them be more accepting in public or guest-filled environments, it's more about teaching them to tolerate rather than embracing new acquaintances. They rarely display the effusive friendliness seen in many other breeds.

The Scottish Terrier rates a 7 for winter tolerance. While not as robust as a Siberian Husky, their dense, double-layered coat provides significant insulation against cold and dampness, a hallmark of their Scottish heritage. Their compact, muscular build and relatively low body fat percentage, combined with their active nature, help them generate and retain warmth. They are not brachycephalic, so breathing in cold air is less of an issue compared to flatter-faced breeds. This allows them to safely enjoy outdoor activities in cold climates for reasonable periods. However, their smaller size means they can lose heat more quickly than larger breeds, and while their coat is protective, it's not impenetrable to extreme cold or prolonged exposure without activity. Compared to many companion dogs, they are quite well-equipped for winter, but in very frigid conditions or for extended periods, they would benefit from a warm coat or sweater, and monitoring for signs of discomfort or hypothermia, particularly if inactive. They don't require the same level of special care as a short-haired, small breed, but a sensible approach to winter weather is always best.

I would rate the Scottish Terrier's "Summer" tolerance at a 4.While not as severely brachycephalic as some breeds, their slightly shortened muzzle does impact their ability to efficiently cool themselves through panting compared to long-nosed dogs. This, combined with their dense double coat, makes them susceptible to overheating. Scottish Terriers struggle to regulate their body temperature in warm weather, significantly increasing their risk of heatstroke, even during moderate activity. They absolutely require special care in summer months compared to many other companion dogs. Outdoor activity needs to be severely restricted to early mornings or late evenings on hot days, and even then, kept short and low-impact. During peak heat, they will need access to air conditioning or other climate-controlled environments to stay safe and comfortable. Ignoring these precautions can lead to serious health issues.

I would rate the Scottish Terrier's "Healthiness" trait as a 6 out of 10.While generally a robust and lively breed with a respectable life expectancy of 11-13 years, they are prone to several breed-specific health issues that prevent a higher rating. They have a known genetic predisposition to Scottie Cramp, a neurological disorder, and various cancers, including bladder transitional cell carcinoma and mast cell tumors, which can significantly impact their quality of life and longevity. Other common concerns include patellar luxation, Von Willebrand's disease (a bleeding disorder), and craniomandibular osteopathy ("Lion Jaw"). While responsible breeding practices and preventative care can mitigate the risk of some of these conditions, they don't entirely eliminate them. Compared to some other companion dogs, they are not considered high-maintenance in terms of daily care, but the potential for serious health issues means owners need to be vigilant and prepared for potential veterinary interventions.

I would rate the "Protective" trait of the Scottish Terrier a 7.Scotties are highly alert and possess strong territorial instincts, making them excellent watchdogs. They are fiercely loyal to their owners and will readily sound the alarm at the presence of strangers or anything they perceive as unusual. While their small stature means they aren't built for physically defending against a serious threat in the way a larger breed might, their unwavering courage and persistent barking can be a significant deterrent. They are more of a companion dog with a strong protective instinct for their "pack" and home, rather than a true guard dog capable of offering meaningful physical protection in a high-threat household setting. Their protection comes primarily through their vigilance and vocalization.

The Scottish Terrier's "Life Span" trait rates a 6.Scottish Terriers are generally considered to have an average lifespan compared to many other dog breeds, typically living between 11 and 13 years. While not exceptionally long-lived, they also aren't particularly short-lived. They are prone to certain breed-specific health issues that can impact longevity, such as certain cancers (like bladder cancer and lymphosarcoma), Scottie cramp (a neurological condition that typically doesn't affect lifespan directly but can impact quality of life), and Von Willebrand's disease (a blood clotting disorder). Responsible breeding practices aim to screen for and reduce the incidence of these genetic predispositions. Good care, including a healthy diet, regular exercise, and prompt veterinary attention, plays a significant role in helping individual Scotties reach the higher end of their life expectancy.